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Emerging mechanisms underlying formaldehyde toxicity and response - ScienceDirect

However, the discovery of thiol-disulfide exchange as a significant mechanism of enzyme regulation led to the finding that H 2 O 2 could inactivate photosynthetic metabolism and activate respiratory pathways (Kaiser, 1979

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However, in pathological states, such as during reperfusion, the generation of ROS from the electron transport chain (ETC), particularly complexes I and III, exceeds the normal resulting in leakage of electrons that react with molecular oxygen to form superoxides